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Regulatory Mechanisms in Bacteria Classification

A recent method of determining relatedness in bacteria is by determining the patter., of regulation of biosynthetic and dissimilatory pathways. For example, in branched biosynthetic pathways leading to the synthesis of amino acids of the aspartate family and aromatic amino acids. the first enzyme of the pathway is the site of primary regulation.

In the aspartate family it is aspartokinase and in the aromatic amino acid pathway it is deoxyarabinoheptulosonic acid phosphate synthetase (DAHP synthetase), In E. coli and other related enteric bacteria; there are three isofunctional aspartokinases and three isofunctional DAHP synthetases.

Each of these enzymes is  subject to repression or feedback inhibition by specific end pro­duct of the pathway.In most other bacteria, the first reaction is mediated by only a single enzyme, which is subject to different and more complex regulatory control by the end products. Mediation of these two reactions by isofunctional enzymes with independent regulatory control appears to be the distinct character of enteric bacteria.

The only other bacteria known to possess this type of regulatory mechanism are the facultatively anaerobic, polarly flagellated Gram-negative bacteria such as Aeromonas, Vibrio, Photobacterium and Beneckea. These bacteria share many properties common with the enteric bacteria.

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