Endospore Forming Rods and Cocci

Bacterial Taxonomy
Bacterial Taxonomy Part 1
Characters of Family Peptococcaceae
Characters of Family Bacillaceae
Features of Coryneform Group of Bacteria
Major Constituents of Cell Wall Types of Actinomycetes
Groups of ctinomycetes Based on Whole Cell Sugar Pattern and Cell Wall Type
Nonlegume Nodule Bearing Plants with Frankia as Endophyte
Endospore Forming Rods and Cocci
Gram Positive, Asporogenous Rod-Shaped Bacteria

Endospore Forming Rods and Cocci

	Tabular Form of Bacterial Classification From David Bergey's Manual This part is characterized by bacteria which have the ability to form dormant structures (spores) and includes the important family Bacillaceae Cells are Gram-positive motile (lateral or peritrichous flagella) or non motile, mostly rod shaped and form endospores which differ from vegetative cells in having a low metabolism, increased resistance to heat and chemicals and generally containing dipicolinic acid. The genus Bacillus has been widely studied and includes a versatile group of bacteria.
Optimum temperature for vegetative growth ranges from 25-75°C and minimum from-5 to about 45°C. pH range for growth varies from 2.0-8.0 and salt tolerance varies from 2-25 % NaCl spore formation is the most important diagnostic feature. Several species produce peptide antibiotics and sometimes a single strain may produce, more than one type of antibiotic, mostly during sporulation The genus Sporolactobacillus resembles Lactobacillus in many characteristics. These bacteria do not grow below 10°C or above 45 °C and cannot grow in. sugar free media. Growth in glucose medium is of homo fermentative type, and produce only d (-) lactic acid. The genus has one species namely S. inulinus.
The genus Clostridium has bacteria which are strictly anaerobic and is divided into four groups mainly on the basis of spore position. Some produce potent toxins. Commonly found in soil, marine and freshwater sediments and the intestinal tract of man and animals, Some species fix nitrogen and some reduce sulphate. Important species are C.botulinum, C.perfringens,C.pasteurianum, and C.haemolyticum
The genus Desulfotomaculum has bacteria which reduce sulphur compounds to H2S. Temperature optima is 35-55°C and found commonly in soil, freshwater, geothermal regions, spoiled foods, intestine of insects and rumen. None has been reported to be pathogenic. The genus Sporosarcina includes bacteria that are strict aerobes. The main characteristics of this genus are similar to that of Micrococcus and Bacillus. Production of endospore, motility and the base composition forms a link between Bacillus and Sporosarcina. Only one species has been described namely, S. ureae.

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