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Nucleic Acid Hybridization
The DNA (or RNA) fragments from the agarose gel are transferred to a solid matrix of nitrocellulose or nylon filter by simple blotting through capillary action, vacuum or electrophoresis. An exact replica of DNA pat­tern on gel is now formed on the filter matrix. To detect target bands by autoradiography, the DNA has to be hybridized by applying a probe labelled with radioactive p³² or S³⁵ or tritium.

The hybridized bands are detected -by exposing the filter to a photographic film. A probe is a frag­ment of labelled DNA or RNA to detect the presence of complementary sequence of RNA or DNA in an experimental sample of nucleic acid.