Biosynthesis
of
Cellular
Components
The
major
components
of
a
bacterial
cell
include
both
structural
and
informational
macromolecules
and
for
growth
to
proceed,
the
level
of
these
macromolecules
must
increase.
The
structural
macro
molecule
include,
the
capsule
or
slime,
outer
membrane,
the
peptidogly
can,
the
cytoplasmic
membrane,
ribosomes
etc.,
while
the
informational
molecules
include
DNA,
RNA
and
proteins.
The
biosynthesisof
these
macromoleclllar
structures
involves
the
expenditure
of
ener
gy
and
most
of
the
cellular
energy
is
utilized
in
the
biosynthesis
of
these
polymers.
The
polysaccharides
found
in
the
bacteria
are:
(i)
the
capsular
or
slime
material
and
(ii)
the
peptidoglycan.
In
addition
to
these,
in
the
Gram
negative
bacteria,
an
outer
membrane
consisting
of
lipoprotein
and
lipopolysaccharide
is
also
found.
These
components
are
substituted
polymers
of
monosacchaddes,
uronic
acids
and
phosphorylated
sugars
and
are
polymerized
outside
the
cytoplasmic
membrane.
Although
many
bacteria
belonging
to
both
Gram-positive
and
Gram-negative
groups
produce
capsules
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