Index >> Gene Mutation >> How Does a Mutation Act?

How Does a Mutation Act? -

As mentioned in other sections, genes act by controlling the rate of production of specific proteins (enzymes).

The scheme of protein synthesis in most organisms is as follows:

(1) The DNA (gene) produces a complementary mRNA strand which has codons consisting of nucleotide triplets.

(2) tRNA molecules, each forming a complex with a specific amino acid, have three free nuc1eotides which form the anticodon.

(3) The alignment of tRNA molecules on mRNA depends upon complementary codon-anticodon pairing

This may result in alignment of different tRNA molecules on mRNA. Thus the amino acid sequence and hence the structure and properties of the enzyme formed, will be changed.This may effect the traits controlled by the enzyme.