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Genetic Code is Commaless

Genetic Code is Commaless - Is the genetic code read in an uninterrupted manner from one end of the nucleic acid chain to the other? Or are there bases (commas) between successive codons? A code with commas could be represented as follows (the X represents a base acting as a comma).

UUU X CUC X GUA X UCC X ACC..........Bases

Phe Leu Val Ser Thr..........Amino acids

A mutation resulting in an addition or deletion of a base would affect only one amino acid of the polypeptide chain.

The total genetic message would be only slightly changed. A commaless code would not have the comma bases and can be represented thus:

UUU CUC GUA UCC ACC..........Bases

Phe Leu Val Ser Thr........... Amino acids

In such a code any mutation involving a deletion of a base (-C) would result in a drastic change in the genetic message.

UUU UCG UAU CCA CC..........Bases

Phe Ser Tyr Pro..........Amino acids

The entire series of amino acids following the deletion would change. All the available evidence indicates that the code is commaless, i.e. there are no demarcating signals between codons.

The work of Khorana and his associates cited below gives clear evidence of a commaless code

Long synthetic polynucleotides with specific repeating sequences were used for translation of protein chains.

Thus the repeating sequence CUCUCU contains the codons CUC (for leucine) and UCU (for serine).

When this sequence is used for translation of proteins, neither amino acid is incorporated into the protein unless the other is also present.

This result, can only be explained by a commaless triplet code where there would have to be alternate translation of CUC and UCU codons.

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