Index >> Biosynthesis of proteins

Biosynthesis of Proteins
The proteins have significant role in the structural and functional organisation of the cell. The structural proteins constitute various cellular components and some extracellular parts such as cuticle and fibres, etc. The functional (e.g., enzymatic and hormonal) proteins control almost all metabolic, biosynthetic, bioenergetic, growth regulating, sensory and reproductive activities of the cell. All the proteins which are required by the cell for its different purposes are synthesized by the cell itself intracellularly.
A single type of ceil, however, cannot synthesize all the required proteins of multicellular individual, therefore, different kinds of proteins are synthesized by different types of cells. Thus, the liver cells are specialized for the synthesis of liver and plasma proteins the β-cells of pancreatic islets are specialized 'for the synthesis of proteins of insulin hormone and cells of pituitary are specialized for 'the synthesis of protein component of pituitary hormone and so on.