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Genetic Perspective of Protein Synthesis
Our account of the mechanisms of protein synthesis 1n prokaryotes and eukaryotes has conveyed that translation of a mRNA sequence into a polypeptide requires equisitely elaborate interactions between a host of nucleic acids and proteins. If we include the 500odd ribosomal proteins and the rRNAs, the tRNAs and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, the GTP molecules and the various protein factors that promote initiation, elongation and termination events, the tally comes to well over 100 different kinds of macromolecules involve. Clearly, a substantial proportion of cell's genetic information must be devoted to the synthesis and regulation of its protein synthesizing apparatus alone. Moreover this apparatus must be carefully designed to maximize the accurate translation of mRNA into protein: