Mycorrhizae

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Mycorrhizae

Mycorrhizae - The roots of higher plants are infected by fungi. The composite root fungus structure is called mycorrhiza. There is invasion of root by soil fungus. The hyphae penetrate the root cells by haustoria and develop intracellularly.
In V AM (vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza) the fungus forms intracellular branching structures called arbuscules.

A single species of pine may be associated with any of the 40 different fungi. The fungal component is unable to use complex polysaccharides. The auxins excreted by the fungi induce a dramatic flow of carbohydrate from the leaves to the roots.

The plants are said to be helped through facilitation of absorption of water and minerals from soil. Thus pines absorb 2 to 3 tunes more phosphorous, nitrogen and potassium when mycorrhizae are present than when they are absent.

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