Pathogenic
Role
of
Complement
Complement activation can sometimes have deleterious effects. One of the mosts striking examples is a group of syndromes referred to as the immune complex disease. Here the soluble antigen-antibody complexes lodge in blood vessel walls.
The complexes fix complement and thereby generate chemotactic factors. Neutrophils accumulate and release their lysosomal enzymes which destroy the basement membrane. This causes vasculitis (glomerulonephritis in the case of the kidney). This is the classical picture seen in serum sickness.
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