Primary and Secondary Immune Response

Primary and Secondary Immune Response

	Primary and Secondary Immune Response The first injection of an antigen into an animal induces the transformation of only a small number of small lymphocytes into lymphocytes (plasma cells). Circulating antibodies 0 the antigen appear after a time interval, called the latent period, which varies from I to 30 days (average fifth to the fourteenth day) us when bovine serum albumin is injected into a rabbit, antibodies an be detected in the rabbit's serum after a few days. This type of response in known as the primary response, and occurs when an animal has not previously come into immunological contact with an antigen.
The circulating antibody level increases exponentially to a peak during the next 5 to 6 days and then declines. The antibody produced during the primary response is mainly 19M, although IgG antibodies appear later. A second injection of antigen given during the decline period, or after the antibody from the primary response disappears, brings about a more vigorous response, called the secondary response. More cells participate in this response than the in the primary response. The secondary response is more rapid and produces a greater amount of antibody. Moreover, the antibody concentration remains high for a much longer period. The main antibody produced during the secondary response is IgG. The secondary response is due to the activity of the B-lymphocytes (memory cells) stimulated during the primary response. The increased secondary response indicates the presence of immunological memory.
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anberra offers a special education programme in English language. The University provides the following programmes:
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