Analytical Microbiology

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Analytical Microbiology

	Analytical Microbiology - Analytical microbiology is the use of microorganisms to assay quantitatively substances such as vitamins, amino acids, and antibiotic. organisms and the Subsequent entanglement of fiber, fines, and other debris from the water, and components of the papermaking medium. Bacteria, particularly capsulated bacilli, are the most important single group of slime formers. Among these, Aerobacter aerogens and Bacillus spp. are quite common.
The filamentous iron bacteria Sphaerotilus natans can be found as part of the slime mass on those paper machines operating above pH 5.5. Alcaligens viscosus var. dissimilis has been identified in pink slime from a number of mills. Desulfovibrio spp. are common anaerobic bacteria found where oxygen is absent or minimal. Fungi identified as causes of slime deposits include species of Mucor, Penicillium, Fusarium, and Trichoderma. Yeasts such as Torula and Rhodotorula are fairly common
Finished paper is also subject to microbiological attack. Cellulose, the principal constituent of paper is susceptible to degradation by a great many species of fungi and some bacteria. The paper industry uses, a large number of chemicals in the process of making paper
These chemicals may be added to the fiber and water prior to forming the, sheet, i.e. internal additives. Chemicals may also be added to the surface of the sheet after sheet formation, such as surface sizes or coatings
	Many of the additives or coating, are subject to microbial degradation. Under conditions permitting growth microorganisms, the paper may be stained or discoloured by the products of microbial metabolism. Growth of cellulolytic microorganisms will produce perforations, weaken fibers, and completely destroy the paper .

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