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Index >> Industrial Microbiology >> Ethanol Produciton By Microbes

Ethanol Production By Microbes

Ethanol Production by Microbes - Ethanol production by microbes has become very popular in those areas where plant residues (agricultural and other wastes) are available in abundance. Brazil produces and uses large amounts of ethanol as automotive fuel. Gasohol, a 9:1 blend of gasoline and ethanol, has become popular fuel in USA. Despite some problems with the ethanol fuel, several processes are employed for its commercial production.

The most efficient microbes are Zymomonas mobilis (fermenting carbohydrate and producing alcohol twice as rapidly as yeasts) and Thermoanaerobacter elhanolicus, a thermophilic bacterium. Corn sugar and plant starch are used as substrates. A two step fermentation is used for conversion of cellulose to ethanol, (i) conversion of cellulose to sugars, generally by Clostridium spp, followed by (ii) conversion of these sugars to ethanol by yeasts, Zymomonas or Thermo anaoerobacter spp

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