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Bulk Transport

Bulk Transport
Jacques (1975) distinguished two types of bulk transport, bulk transport after membrane perforationand cytotic bulk Transport.

(A) Membrane perforations transport is of two types, Inward and outward membrane perforation.

1. In inward membrane perforation extracellular particles enter the cell through a temporary opening in the cell membrane, e.g. uptake of bacteriophages

2. In outward membrane perforation, intracellular substances can be expelled from the cell through a temporary membrane pore, e.g. defecation in amoebae, during which indigestible food particles are ejested from the cell

(B) Cytosis includes three main types of transport, endocytosis, intracytosis and exocytosis. These processes involve either decrease in membrane area (negative Cytosis) or increase (positive Cytosis).

During negative Cytosis an area of the membrane is pinched off, while in positive Cytosis membrane is added

(1) Endocytosis the process by which material is transported into cells by the formation of vesicles. Positive endocytosisincludes reverse cellular budding or cell fusion.

Negative endocytosisincludes classical pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Endocytosis cell drinking) is the injestion of fluid material, while phagocytosis(cell eating) is the bulk injestion of solid food.

During pinocytosis fluid material is taken into the cell to form pinocytosis, vesicles or pinosome.The intracellular vesicle formed as a result of phagocytosis is called a phagosome

(2)Intracytosis.The term intracytosis has been used to describe intracellular processes of membrane vesiculation. Positive intracytosis includes vacuole fusion, cell plate formation, formation of secondary endosomes and formation of large secondary endosomes.

Negative intracytosis includes such processes as the formation of Golgi vesicles, secondary micro pinocytosis and the formation of small secondary endosomes.

(3)Exocytosis is a process which is essentially the reverse of endocytosis. Positive exocytosisincludes the process of secretion.

The membrane of a secretary vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents outside the cell. Under negative exocytosisis included the process of cellular budding

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