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Group Translocation - Bacterial Phosphotransferases System - PTS

Group Translocation - Bacterial Phosphotransferases System - PTS
In group translocation molecules are transported across the cell membrane with chemical modification.

The chemical energy utilized is from modification reactions. The term group translocation was introduced by Mitchell and Moyle in 1958

The bacterial Phosphotransferase system (PTS)

The PTS catalyses the phosphorylation of several sugars. The unique features of this system are that

(i) the phosphoryl donor is not a nucleotide triphosphate but phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and

(ii) the system is very complex, involving many proteins.

The PTS has several functions, the best defined of which is the transport of sugars across the plasma membrane by group translocation. It is also involved in the chemotaxis of bacteria towards sugar substrates of the system

A role of the PTS in the regulation of adenylate cyclase has been demonstrated. Sugars such as glucose, which are the substrates of the PTS regulate intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP), and thus the synthesis of certain inducible catabolic enzyme systems.

The PTS can also regulate the transport of some solutes which are not subtracts of the system, i.e. certain non PTS transport systems.

Group translocation involves solute modification. When the solute is modified, its exit by the same solute specific carrier is prevented. Group translocation is not strictly active transport, which requires unaltered accumulation of solute
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