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Halobium Glutamate Transport System

Halobium Glutamate Transport System
The glutamate transport system of Halobacterium Halobium has bacterial rhodopsin in its membrane, which constitutes a light driven proton pump.

The bacterium lives in an environment with high salt concentration. It contains a proton, sodium antiport system and has a large sodium gradient across the membrane.

Transport of amino acid in membrane vesicles appears to be driven by both the sodium gradient and membrane potential. Glutamate transport, however, appears to be driven by the sodium gradient alone. Amino acid efflux can be driven by an inverted sodium gradient

Several other bacterial transport systems are driven by sodium gradients, e.g. melibiose and glutamate transport in E. coli, proline transport in Mycobacterium phlei and melibiose transport in Salmonella.

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