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Monera

Monera - In 1969 R.H. Whittaker proposed a five kingdom system of classification of living world . He proposed a separate kingdom, Monera for the true prokaryotes : the bacteria and cyanobacteria. Higher protists were distributed among two kingdoms.

Algae and protozoa were grouped under separate kingdom, Protista, whereas fungi given the rank of an independent kingdom. The two other kingdoms were the Plantae and Animalia for traditional plants and animals respectively.

All living organisms are best thought of today as being members of one of the five kingdoms;

1. Monera (prokaryotes. bacteria). This includes Eubacteria (including rickettsiae. chlamydiae, mycoplasmas), Archaebacteria, and the Oxyphotobacteria (i.e. oxygen-yielding photosynthetic blue-green bacteria, also called cyano­bacteria).

2. Protista (eukaryotes). It consists of algae, protozoa, slime molds and water molds. The slime molds and water moulds (including other oomycetes) have traditionally been studied by mycologists, and so are usually considered as fungi, but phylogenetically they are said to be more related to protists.

3. Fungi (eukaryotes). It consists of zygomycetes, ascomycetes, basidi­omycetes and deuteromycetes.

4. Plantae (eukaryotes). The bryophytes and tracheophytes.

5. Animalia (eukaryotes). The invertebrates and vertebrates.

Of these the first three kingdoms (together with the viruses) are studied in microbiology.

 

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