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Boiling
Boiling is a satisfactory method of purifying water for household purposes. To be effective, the water must be brought to a rolling boil for 5-10 min. It kills all bacteria, spores, cysts and ova and yields sterilised water. Boiling also removes temporary hardness by driving off carbon dioxide and precipitating the calcium carbonate. But it offers no 'residual protection' against subsequent microbial contamination. Water should be boiled preferably in the same container in which it is to be stored to avoid contamination during storage.