Purification Of Water

Purification Of Water

Purification of Water
The purpose of water treatment is to convert raw water into drinking water suitable for domestic use. Most important is the removal of pathogenic organisms and toxic substances like heavy metals which cause serious health problems. Other substances to be removed include suspended matter causing turbidity, iron and manganese compounds imparting a bitter taste and excessive carbon dioxide corroding concrete and metal parts.

Impure water may be purified by either of the following methods:
1. Natural
(a) Storage
(b) Oxidation and settlement

2. Artificial
(a) Physical
(i) Distillation
(ii) Boiling
(b) Chemical
(i) Precipitation
(ii) Disinfection or sterilisation
(c) Filtration
(i) Slow sand filtration
(ii) Rapid mechanical filtration
(iii) Domestic filtration

Water purificatian may be considered under two headings:

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