Index >> Microbes and Lithosphere>> Soil Genesis

The parent material is at a considerable distance from the surface hence cannot be subjected to the direct action of atmospheric agents (heat, moisture, gases, etc). Hence it continues to decompose at a slower rate forming a compact lighter layer called the B horizon.

Some clay is gradually washed down (eluviated from) the lower portion of A horizon (the E horizon) and is washed in (illuviated) the B horizon.

During the early stage of soil development, soils are dominated by characteristics inherited from parent material. Later on they show a change in their chemical characteristics. For example, an originally basic soil (obtained from basic primary mineral) gets washed off its basic elements and ultimately becomes acidic in reaction.