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Index >> Microbial Ecology of Different Ecosystems>> Marine Ecosystem

Marine Ecosystem

Marine Ecosystem
About 71 % of the surface of the planet is covered by salt water. Physically, the sea has vast inhabitable space, starting from pelagic system to hadal system and littoral to deep (sea) benthic system. The seawater and the ocean floors together form the inorganic marine environment. The diverse groups of marine living forms, their history and propagation are mainly controlled by the chemical composition and various physical properties of the seawater.

Also the distribution, concentration, seasonal changes and the movement of seawater and the nature of ocean floors have a major role in the distribution of marine living forms. The water surrounds all the marine organisms and the bodies and internal system of coelenterates, echinoderms, tunicates, etc. Due to the relatively stable nature of physical properties and due to the presence of dissolved salts in seawater, the marine organisms lack specialised regulatory systems or integuments. In this way the organisms themselves are a part of the dynamic environment.

 

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