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Dangers of Genetic Engineering

Dangers of Genetic Engineering - Recombinant DNA research involves potential dangers. Genetic engineering could create dangerous new forms of life, either accidently or deliberately. A host microorganism may acquire harmful characteristics as a result of insertion of foreign genes.

If disease-carrying microorganisms formed as a result of genetic manipulation escaped from laboratories, they could cause a variety of diseases. For example, Streptococcus, a bacterium causing rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, strep throat and kidney disease, never acquired penicillin resistance in nature.

If a plasmid carrying a gene for penicillin resistance is introduced into Streptococcus it would confer penicillin resistance on the bacterium. Penicillin would now become ineffective against the resistant organism

A strain of E. coli could be made capable of synthesizing the toxin for diphtheria or botulism. This would convert the normally harmless inhabitant of the human large intestine into a lethal pathogen. Even useful genetically engineered bacteria could become dangerous. Thus if an E.coli strain producing a human hormone infects a human being, the large, quanti­ties of the hormone released into the intestine could upset the body chemistry.

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