Microbiology
in
Biotechnology
Activities
of
microorganisms
are
very
important
to
almost
every
sector
of
concern
to
mankind.
From
a
perusal
of
the
foregoing
topics,
one
can
find
applications
(uses)
of
microorganisms
to
agriculture,
forestry,
food,
industry,
medicine,
and
environment.
The
scope
and
significance
of
microbiology
has
enlarged
manifold,
particularly
when
importance
of
environment
was
realised
globally
and
the
word
environment
was
used
in
a
much
wider
sense
in
terms
of
totality
to
include
almost
everything,
every
bit
of
nature.
Demographic
pressure
on
land
with
subsequent
rise
in
demand
for
food
and
shelter
had,
out
of
several,
two
apparent
impacts
on
nature
and
its
resources
-
(i)
contraction
(leading
to
deplection
and
in
some
cases
finally
to
extinction)
of
biodiversity
(fauna,
flora
and
microbes),
and
(ii)
degradation
of
environment.
Land
became
denuded,
cultivable
land
area
squeezed,
air
and
water
turned
to
be
unfit
for
man,
and
wastes
from
urban,
municipal
and
industrial
areas
piled
up
all
around.
Natural
resources
started
depleting
and
there
developed
an
energy
crisis.
It
is
in
this
context
that
the
role
of
microbes
was
realised
in
order
to
exploit
their
vast
potential
to
possible
solution
of
some
such
problems.
New
strains
of
microbes
have
been
developed
having
the
desired
activities
(
entirely
a
new
activity
or
enhancement
activity
in
terms
of
rate
productions).
Environmental
microbiology,
a
new
field,
could
thus
become
of
much
relevance
to
us.
Most
of
these
activities
of
microbes
to
agriculture,
forestry,
industry,
medicine,
food
and
environment
have
already
been
referred.
In
this
chapter
an
overview
of
this
subject
has
been
presented
with
the
simple
purpose
of
just
a
quick
revision
to
remind
the
importance
of
microorganisms
to
human
race.
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