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Index >>Plant Viruses >> Wound Tumor Virus (WTV)

Wound Tumor Virus (WTV)

Wound Tumor Virus ( WTV) - This virus has been found in some 43 plant species ranging over 20 families, and in several species of Agallia, the juice sucking leaf hopper.It is so called because it causes tumours on roots and stems by infection through accidental wounds. Infection also takes place through leafhoppers.

 Wound tumour virus particles are structurally similar to those of reovirus. They are large (65-70 nm) icosahedral particles with 92 capsomeres, each 7.5 nm in diameter.A model based on 32 capsomeres each 18 nm in diameter and composed of 50r 6 structural units (7.5 nm in diameter) has also been proposed. The particle has a central cavity 35-40 Dm in diameter, in which is located the genome.

The genome consists of dsRNA which constitutes about 23% of the virus particle, The RNA exists as a heterogenous population of molecules 0.1-1.5 nm long. It consists of 12 components ranging from 0.3 to 2.8xIO6. The sizes of most of the segments are virtually identical. The aggregate molecular weight of the RNA is 15.1 x 106 daltons. The G+C content of the RNA is 38%.

WT virions contain two major polypeptides and two minor ones. In addition there are three or four components present in smaller amounts.The dsRNA WTV genome produces single stranded mRNA by the action of a replicase (dsRNA- ssRNA polymerase); which is a part of the capsid. WTV, MRDV, FDV and RDV all multiply in the cytoplasm.

The stages in virus development are as follows. There is accumulation of electron dense aggregates to form viroplasm. A few fully formed virus particles appear within and at the periphery of the viroplasm.The virions are then engulfed within membranous structures. Microcrystals or paracrystalline arrays of virus particles are formed near the viroplasms.

WTW causes tumours in plants mainly on the young roots and at the axils of branches. Tumours are also found on wounds on steam and leaves.The tumours usually develop from the phloem or, Peri-cycle. They may also originate from the region of the cambium.

 

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