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Index >>Prokaryotes Microbes >> Encystment or Fruiting Stage of Myxobacteria

Encystment or Fruiting Stage of Myxobacteria

Encystment or Fruiting Stage of Myxobacteria - Under appropriate conditions, a swam of vegetative cells gathers together at different points in the slimy matrix and they heap themselves up to form fruiting bodies. Perhaps exhaustion of tyrosine and phenylalanine from medium favors fruiting. Heap may be raised above the substratum. Within a fruiting body or cyst the rod cells undergo differentiation into shortened, rounded, or dormant resting cells known as myxospores or cysts or microcysts. The shortened, thick walled cells in the cyst are usually enveloped by large capsules or gelatinous slime.

Myxospores within dried fruiting bodies may remain viable for several years. Ecologically, many of the myxobacteria are important, occurring as predators of other prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. For example, they lyse the cells of true bacteria, blue green algae and some higher fungi. The lytic action must be of great importance in the interrelationship of all organisms in the soil, where myxobacteria live in contact with other microorganisms

Except a few parasitic species, myxobacters and cytophage are of great importance to mankind as scavengers. They are very active in decomposition of insoluble organic matter such as cellulose, agar, exoskeletal material (chitin) of insects and crustacea as well as a wide variety of other animal and vegetable matter, thus not only removing waste matters but obligingly transforming them into predigested soluble foods for plants.

 

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