Rate of Protein Synthesis

Rate of Protein Synthesis

Rate of Protein Synthesis - In E.coli the DNA transcribes mRNA for enzymes controlling tryptophan synthesis at the rate of about 28 nucleotides per second at 37°C. Protein is translated from this mRNA at the rate of about 7 amino acids per second Translation of the hemoglobin polypeptide chain takes place at the rate of about 4 amino acids per second.

The complete polypeptide chain is translated by mRNA (670 nucleotides) in 35 seconds. In Salmonella typhimurium the histidine operon contains 10 structural genes. These genes transcribe one long polycistronic mRNA molecule of about 13,000 nucleotides which codes for all the enzymes of the histidine locus.

Theoretically all the 10 enzymes should be synthesized in equal quantities.It has been found, however, that the frequency of synthesis of enzymes at one end is greater than that of enzymes at the other end. Translation of mRNA begins at the G end. Pyrophosphorylase, which is translated at the G end, is more frequently synthesized than isomerase which is translated at the other end.

This has been explained as follows, since translation begins at the G end, genes at the opposite end are less likely to be translated because of accidental breakdown of ribosomes or mRNA.

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Protein Synthesis Part 1 Release of Deacylated tRNA Hydrolysis of GTP Locking and Unlocking Ribosome Model inchworn Theory Conformational Changes Recognition of the Termination Signal Release of the Polypeptide Chain Prokaryote and Eukaryote Release Factors Processing Polypeptide Chain Rate of Protein Synthesis Signal Hypothesis Prokaryote and Eukaryote Protein Synthesis Teminism

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