Microbiology Procedure
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Index >> Protein Synthesis >> Recognition of the Termination Signal

Recognition of the Termination Signal

Recognition of the Termination Signal - Elongation of the polypeptide chain continues until a termination codon on mRNA is reached. The termination codon may be UAA (ochre), UAG (amber) or UGA (opal or umber). These codons have been called 'nonsense codons' because ordinarily no tRNA anticodons pair with them.

The termination codon need not be the last codon on mRNA. Polygenic mRNAs, which are common in bacteria and, bacteriophages, have a number of initiation and termination codons. Each segment of the mRNA between the initiation and termination codons directs the synthesis of a separate polypeptide chain

As the polypeptide chain is being synthesized it undergoes folding, and secondary bonds are formed between the folded regions. Thus the tertiary structure of the protein may be attained and the final definitive shape reached even before the terminal amino acids have been added.

If a mutation results in a nonsense codon in the middle of an mRNA strand, then the polypeptide chain may be terminated prematurely at this codon. In such a condition only fragments of the polypeptide chain are formed.

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