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Index >> Staining Methods in Microbiology >> Stain For Azobacter Cysts

Stain For Azobacter Cysts

In bacteria, three kinds of dormant structures have been observed.  They are endospores, cysts and conidia.  Their selected characteristics and occurance are listed in Table.

The characteristics and occurence of dormant structures in bacteria.

Dormant Structures

 

Endospore

Cyst

Conidia

(a) Properties

 

 

 

Heat resistance

Present

May be present

To a limited degree

Cortex

Present

Absent

Absent

Dipicolinic acid

Present

Absent

Absent

Number per cell

One

One

Found in chain

(b) Bacterial genera

 

 

 

 

Bacillus

Azotobacter

Nocardia

 

Clostridium

Myxococcus

Actinomyces

 

Sporosarcina

Sporocytophaga

Streptomyces

 

Sporovibrio

 

Micromonospora



Bacterial cysts are produced by various members of genera Azotobacter, Myxococcus and Sporocytophaga. They are oval, possessing a contracted cytoplasm and thick structured wall. The cytoplasm of Azotobacter sps. usually contains evident nuclear material, lipoidal globules and electron dense bodies

Although, cysts are easily seen using phase-contrast microscope, the earlier stages are often difficult to determine.

The staining technique described here has an advantage that there is minimal cell distortion and the early stages are clearly differentiated. Thus, this stain is superior to earlier described, because it shows stages in encystment as well as the mature cyst.

The method is as follows. Bacteria from solid or liquid media are suspended in the staining solution for wet mount preparation. The staining reagent can be prepared by adding the following ingredients in 100 ml of water. Glacial acetic acid, 8.5 ml; sodium sulphate (anhydrous), 3.25 g; neutral red, 200 mg; light green S.F. yellowish, 200 mg and ethanol, 50ml. After 15 minutes of incubation, remove the amorphous precipitate by filtering through 0.5 μ membrane filter

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