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Enteric Fever Gastroenteritis

Enteric Fever Gastroenteritis - Enteric fever or typhoid fever and gastroenteritis are among the most common waterborne diseases.
The symptoms of typhoid fever include continued fever, inflammation of the intestine formation of ulcers and enlargement of the spleen.
The causative organism is Salmonella typhi. During the active phase of the disease the organisms are excreted in faeces and urine in large numbers.
Even after the active phase the organisms may be released for a short period of time as in convalescent carriers.
The pathogen may also be released chronically in certain cases.

In natural waters at a temperature above 15°C Salmonella has a short survival period. At the maximum they can survive for 7 days.
Lack of adequate sanitation is the main reason for the epidemics of typhoid. Drinking water contaminated with faeces or urine containing the pathogen may be the potential source of outbreaks.
Although immunization is available, adequate sanitation is the best way to control the disease.

 

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